The Freshwater baMEL
The Models
Model A: Earth's freshwater is abundant and will remain so even in the face of global climate change.
Model B: Earth's freshwater challenges will be solved by engineering solutions.
Model C: Earth has a shortage of freshwater, which will worsen as our world's population increases.
Student Handouts
- Freshwater baMEL Model Plausibility Ratings (Acrobat (PDF) 164kB Jul10 25)
- Freshwater baMEL – Models (Acrobat (PDF) 18kB May17 21)
- baMEL – Diagram (Acrobat (PDF) 183kB Jun26 25)
- Explanation Task (Acrobat (PDF) 52kB May6 24)
Lines of Evidence
Evidence #1: Land use changes have generated large pressures on freshwater resources. These changes are affecting both water quality and availability.
Evidence #2: The world's population is increasing. This stresses the supply of freshwater.
Evidence #3: Groundwater provides freshwater to many people around the world. In many places, people are using groundwater faster than it is replaced by precipitation.
Evidence #4: Water reclamation and desalination are expensive. The costs vary depending on location.
Evidence #5: Advances in engineering have led to better access to quality drinking water. At the same time life expectancy and quality of life have improved.
Evidence #6: Glaciers are a source of freshwater in many parts of the world. Glacial ice mass is decreasing worldwide.
Evidence #7: Microclimates are climates of very small areas that usually differ from the surrounding areas. Scientists are developing high-resolution models to accurately predict microclimate trends in freshwater availability.
Evidence #8: In the contiguous US, average temperatures and precipitation have increased since 1901. From 2000-2015, the US was abnormally dry with some parts of the country in moderate to severe drought.
Student Handouts
- Freshwater baMEL – Evidence Cards (Acrobat (PDF) 29kB Jul9 24)
- Freshwater baMEL – Large Evidence Cards (Acrobat (PDF) 38kB Jul9 24)
- Freshwater baMEL – Evidence Texts Color (Acrobat (PDF) 4MB Jul9 24)
- Freshwater baMEL – Evidence Texts BW (Acrobat (PDF) 2.5MB Jul9 24)
Virtual baMEL
*NOTE: The virtual materials below are from an older version of the activity than what is posted above.
The Google Drive folder below contains MEL resource documents in the Google formats. In order to maximize the flexibility of our activities, the MEL Project Team wanted to make more resources compatible with virtual settings. We have made our MEL scaffolds available in Google formats, so that they can be copied, modified, and uploaded more easily on a variety of platforms and devices. Please note that to access all the materials for each MEL scaffold, you will need a Google account. View the README file first.
- README First Instructions & FAQ (Acrobat (PDF) 70kB May24 21)
- Virtual Freshwater baMEL Resource Documents in Google Drive