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Middle (6-8)

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Episodic tremor and slip: The Case of the Mystery Earthquakes | Lessons on Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes in western Washington and Oregon are to be expected—the region lies in the Cascadia Subduction Zone. Offshore, the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate subducts under the North American plate, from northern California to British Columbia. The region, however, also experiences exotic seismicity— Episodic Tremor and Slip (ETS).In this lesson, your students study seismic and GPS data from the region to recognize a pattern in which unusual tremors--with no surface earthquakes--coincide with jumps of GPS stations. This is ETS. Students model ductile and brittle behavior of the crust with lasagna noodles to understand how properties of materials depend on physical conditions. Finally, they assemble their knowledge of the data and models into an understanding of ETS in subduction zones and its relevance to the millions of residents in Cascadia.

Subject: Geoscience:Geology:Geophysics:Geodesy, Seismology, Geoscience:Geology:Tectonics, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards:Earthquakes, Geoscience:Oceanography:Marine Hazards, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards:Coastal Hazards:Tsunami, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards
Resource Type: Activities:Classroom Activity, Lab Activity, Activities
Grade Level: Middle (6-8), College Lower (13-14), High School (9-12)
Quantitative Skills: Graphs, Vectors and Matrices, Arithmetic/Computation
EarthScope Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data: Data:Seismic, Geophysics GPS/GNSS, Data:GPS/GNSS, Geophysics Seismic
Collection Source: EarthScope
On the Cutting Edge Exemplary Collection This activity is part of the On the Cutting Edge Exemplary Teaching Activities collection.
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Detecting Cascadia's changing shape with GPS | Lessons on Plate Tectonics
Research-grade Global Positioning Systems (GPS) allow students to deduce that Earth's crust is changing shape in measurable ways. From data gathered by EarthScope's Plate Boundary Observatory, students discover that the Pacific Northwest of the United States and coastal British Columbia — the Cascadia region - are geologically active: tectonic plates move and collide; they shift and buckle; continental crust deforms; regions warp; rocks crumple, bend, and will break.

Subject: Geoscience, Geology:Tectonics, Geophysics:Geodesy, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards, Natural Hazards:Earthquakes
Resource Type: Activities, Lab Activity, Classroom Activity
Grade Level: College Lower (13-14), High School (9-12), Middle (6-8)
Quantitative Skills: Arithmetic/Computation, Graphs, Models and Modeling, Vectors and Matrices
EarthScope Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data: Data:GPS/GNSS, Geophysics GPS/GNSS
Collection Source: EarthScope
On the Cutting Edge Exemplary Collection This activity is part of the On the Cutting Edge Exemplary Teaching Activities collection.
Learn more about this review process.

Volcano Monitoring with GPS: Westdahl Volcano Alaska
Learners use graphs of GPS position data to determine how the shape of Westdahl Volcano, Alaska is changing. If the flanks of a volcano swell or recede, it is a potential indication of magma movement and changing ...

Subject: Geoscience:Geology:Geophysics:Geodesy, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards:Volcanism, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards, Engineering
Resource Type: Activities:Classroom Activity, Lab Activity, Outreach Activity
Grade Level: College Lower (13-14), Middle (6-8), High School (9-12)
Quantitative Skills: Vectors and Matrices, Graphs
EarthScope Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data: Data:GPS/GNSS, Geophysics GPS/GNSS
Collection Source: EarthScope, ANGLE
On the Cutting Edge Exemplary Collection This activity is part of the On the Cutting Edge Exemplary Teaching Activities collection.
Learn more about this review process.

Alaska GPS Analysis of Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
This activity introduces students to high precision GPS as it is used in geoscience research. Students build "gumdrop" GPS units and study data from three Alaska GPS stations from the Plate Boundary Observatory network. They learn how Alaska's south central region is "locked and loading" as the Pacific Plate pushes into North America and builds up energy that will be released in the future in other earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaska earthquake.

Subject: Geoscience:Geology:Geophysics:Geodesy, Geoscience, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards:Earthquakes, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards, Engineering
Resource Type: Activities:Classroom Activity, Lab Activity
Grade Level: High School (9-12), Middle (6-8), College Lower (13-14)
Quantitative Skills: Vectors and Matrices, Graphs
EarthScope Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data: Data:GPS/GNSS, Geophysics GPS/GNSS
Collection Source: ANGLE, EarthScope
On the Cutting Edge Exemplary Collection This activity is part of the On the Cutting Edge Exemplary Teaching Activities collection.
Learn more about this review process.

Introduction to Graphing GPS data | Lessons on Plate Tectonics
This activity emphasizes making graphs—in order to make interpreting graphs easier. Students graph data measuring how GPS stations move north or south and east or west. They begin by graphing fictitious data and progress to graphing data from several stations in the western United States. Eventually they graph north-south vs. east-west motion of a station in order to see that another purpose of plotting data is to make maps. They also develop intuition about vectors.

Subject: Geoscience:Geology:Geophysics:Geodesy
Resource Type: Activities, Lab Activity, Classroom Activity
Grade Level: College Lower (13-14), Middle (6-8), High School (9-12)
Quantitative Skills: Arithmetic/Computation, Vectors and Matrices, Graphs
EarthScope Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data:GPS/GNSS, Data:GPS/GNSS
Collection Source: EarthScope

Alaskan Volcanoes & Hazards Presentation
This lecture and associated animations give a basic introduction to Alaskan volcanoes, volcanic hazards, and volcano monitoring.

Subject: Geoscience:Geology:Geophysics:Geodesy, Geoscience, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards:Volcanism, Geoscience:Geology:Geophysics:Seismology, Engineering, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards
Resource Type: Lecture, Audio/Visual:Animations/Video
Grade Level: General Public, Middle (6-8), College Lower (13-14), High School (9-12)
Quantitative Skills: Arithmetic/Computation, Graphs, Vectors and Matrices
EarthScope Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data: Data:GPS/GNSS, Geophysics GPS/GNSS, Data:Seismic
Collection Source: ANGLE

Alaska Earthquakes & Tsunami Presentation
This lecture and associated animations delve in more deeply to the topic of Alaskan earthquakes and tsunami along with their causes and variability. It also draws on EarthScope GPS and seismic data to show how we can study earth processes to better understand Alaskan geohazards. It highlights case study sites of Whittier and Seward during the 1964 Alaska Mag 9.2 earthquake to show how differences in location, topography, and land use can lead to different tsunami experiences in different communities. give a good introduction to tsunami produced by earthquakes and landslides. It includes information on how they are generated and why there can be great variability between tsunami characteristics--even for earthquakes of similar size. The lecture describes tsunami generated by the in particular depth.

Subject: Geoscience, Geology:Tectonics, Geoscience:Oceanography:Marine Hazards, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards:Earthquakes, Mass Wasting, Geoscience:Geology:Geophysics:Geodesy, Environmental Science:Natural Hazards, Natural Hazards:Coastal Hazards:Tsunami, Geoscience:Geology:Geophysics:Seismology
Resource Type: Audio/Visual:Animations/Video, Lecture
Grade Level: High School (9-12), Middle (6-8), College Lower (13-14), General Public
Quantitative Skills: Arithmetic/Computation, Graphs, Vectors and Matrices
EarthScope Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data: Geophysics Data:GPS/GNSS, Data:GPS/GNSS, Seismic
Collection Source: ANGLE