Middle Proterozoic Belt Supergroup, Western Montana part of MT Field Guides
From Great Falls, to Butte, Helena Glacier National Park and Spokane, this field trip crosses onto the leading edge of the Rocky Mountain thrust belt and proceeds to the stratiform copper-silver deposits in the Revett Formation of the Troy Mine in the main part of the Belt basin. The road log includes sections on the paleontology of the Middle Proterozoic Belt Supergroup, stromatolites of the Belt Supergroup (specific to Glacier National Park), Middle Proterozoic Tectonics of the Belt basin, and a sedimentologic and tectonic interpretation of the Belt Supergroup.

Heart Mountain Detachment Fault and Clastic Dikes of Fault Breccia, and Heart Mountain Break-Away Fault, Wyoming and Montana part of MT Field Guides
This field guide describes the geology of two sites near Silver Gate, MT (near Cooke City) where different features related to the Heart Mountain detachment are displayed. At the first site, several features pertaining to the origin of the Heart Mountain detachment fault can be examined, including: (1) severely deformed upper plate rocks in contact with undeformed lower plate rocks; (2) the character and composition of the fault breccia; (3) contacts of volcanic rocks with upper plate blocks and the Heart Mountain fault; and (4) dikes of carbonate fault-breccia injected into both upper plate blocks and overlying volcanic rocks. The second site is an exposure of the Heart Mountain break-away fault.

A Traverse Across the Central Belt Basin From Bowmans Corner, Montana to East Hope, Idaho part of MT Field Guides
This road log highlights a variety of sedimentary rock types and structures along a transect of the Rocky Mountain Fold and Thrust Belt. The log follows Montana Highway 200, which crosses the central part of the Middle Proterozoic Belt basin from the Montana disturbed belt to Missoula, where it turns northwesterly into northern Idaho, traversing rocks of the western and northwestern Belt basin. The road log begins east of the Rocky Mountain front in the disturbed belt underlain by soft, Cretaceous shale and somewhat more resistant sandstone units. Next, the road log passes into the eastern thrust belt where thrust faults bring Belt rocks first over Cretaceous, then over Paleozoic rocks, and finally over Proterozoic rocks farther to the west. At Rogers Pass, the route crosses the Continental Divide and into the Ovando block where Cenozoic listric normal faults form the major structures. The leading edge of the western thrust belt is encountered at Bonner, MT. From Missoula, Highway 200 trends northwestward to northern Idaho and diagonally crosses the western part of the Belt basin. Changes in grain-size and sediment type observable from outcrops along this road log illustrate the evolution of sedimentary transport and facies tracts within the central part of the Belt basin.

A Study in Contrasts: Archean and Quaternary Geology of the Beartooth Highway, Montana and Wyoming part of MT Field Guides
Nowhere in the U.S. are the oldest and the most recent aspects of geology as spectacularly displayed as along the Beartooth Highway. The Beartooth Mountains are a block of largely Archean bedrock uplifted along high-angle reverse faults of Laramide age. The Precambrian rocks (3400-700 Ma) contain one of the best records of the early history of the igneous and metamorphic basement of the middle Rocky Mountains. These rocks include granulite-facies supracrustal rocks proposed as products of continental collision, calc-alkaline volcanic and plutonic rocks generated along an Archean continental margin, and mafic dikes some of which were emplaced during continental rifting. This Precambrian record encompasses at least two extensive periods of crustal evolution and records more geologic history at one location than any other place in the Wyoming Province. Descriptions of two key areas showing the fundamental relations between the Precambrian rocks are included: the Quad Creek area and the Long Lake area. The Beartooth Plateau has been extensively sculpted by glacial processes during the Pleistocene. The highway crosses a classic locality of "biscuit-board topography"--plateau remnants partially dissected by cirques--as well as deposits left by glaciers that etched the plateau. Features to be seen include glacio-fluvial terraces showing downstream effects of the glacial system and extensive areas of periglacial features that postdate glaciation. Glacial features are described from the Red Lodge area, Rock Creek Canyon, the hairpin turns, the Beartooth Plateau, and the Clark Fork basin.

Guide to the Picket Pin Mountain Area part of MT Field Guides
This traverse through part of the Banded series provides relatively easy access to the upper half of the exposed part of the Stillwater Complex. The percentage of outcrops is high, and even in areas of soil or tundra cover, the float appears to be sufficiently immobile and concentrated to give an accurate picture of the underlying bedrock geology....The traverse begins in the Middle gabbro zone and terminates where Paleozoic limestone unconformably overlies the Upper anorthosite zone. Above the Middle anorthosite zone, it follows the Picket Pin section described by McCallum and others (1980) and Raedeke (1982b)....An optional traverse through some lithologically complex and intriguing rocks in the Upper anorthosite zone north of the Castle Creek fault is also described. Total traverse time, including the drive from Carter's Camp and return, is 8-10 hours. Elevations range from 9,300 to 10,000 feet.

Missouri Breaks Diatremes, Montana part of MT Field Guides
The Missouri Breaks diatremes are some of the best exposed diatremes in the United States, and display remarkable subsidence features. The diatremes and associated intrusions are important in showing (1) genetic connections of alnoitic, kimberlitic, and carbonatitic magmas, (2) xenolith suites representing the upper mantle and lower, middle, and upper crust of the Eocene lithosphere, and (3) mechanisms of eruption and emplacement of volatile-rich magmas. Some of the diatremes are fairly accessible in good weather. However, the Missouri Breaks is a remote area in which most of the roads are unimproved tracks across clay-rich sedimentary rocks, and even a small amount of rain may immobile four-wheel drive vehicles and make steep grades terminally hazardous.

Road Log to the Picket Pin Mountain, Chrome Mountain and Contact Mountain Areas part of MT Field Guides
This road log describes the geologic features along the access roads for three additional traverses: Guide to the Picket Pin Mountain Area, Guide to the Chrome Mountain Area, and A Traverse Through the Banded Series in the Contact Mountain Area. "This trip requires nearly 2 hours without stops. Beyond 12.5 miles, the road is rough and steep in places; a four-wheel-drive vehicle is recommended.

A Traverse Through the Banded Series in the Contact Mountain Area part of MT Field Guides
This traverse through the Banded Series of the Stillwater Complex follows the section described in detail by McCallum and others (1980)....Unusual or particularly interesting features are highlighted by the 22 localities along the traverse. In view of the nearly continuous outcrop, however, there is much of interest to see between localities, and full appreciation of the entire section would require several days. Nonetheless, most of the important rock types can be seen on a 1-day trip.

Plutonism at Deep Crustal Levels: The Idaho Batholith, Montana and Idaho part of MT Field Guides
The Idaho batholith field trip traverses a well exposed cross-section of the northern Idaho batholith, briefly examines the broad aspects of this deep-seated granitoid batholith and its regionally metamorphosed country rocks, and considers the role of the synplutonic mafic magmas from the mantle in providing heat for melting of continental crustal rocks to form the more felsic main-phase units of the batholith.

Shonkin Sag and Square Butte Laccoliths, Montana part of MT Field Guides
Shonkin Sag and Square Butte laccoliths are at the eastern edge of the Highwood Mountains as part of the Central Montana Alkalic Province. Rocks in the Highwood Mountains date to 50-53 Ma. Both laccoliths are internally differentiated and contain a variety of rock types, including shonkinite, syenite, and pegmatite.