For the Instructor
These student materials complement the Coastal Processes, Hazards and Society Instructor Materials. If you would like your students to have access to the student materials, we suggest you either point them at the Student Version which omits the framing pages with information designed for faculty (and this box). Or you can download these pages in several formats that you can include in your course website or local Learning Managment System. Learn more about using, modifying, and sharing InTeGrate teaching materials.Environments of Coastal Zones
In what sort of tectonic setting would you expect rocky coasts most often? What is the role of different rock types in how erosion may take place along an uplifted, high wave energy rocky environment?
Rocky Coasts
Some estimates suggest that nearly 75% of the world's shorelines are considered rocky coasts meaning that the shoreline consists of erosionally resistant cohesive bedrock or sediment that has been recently cemented together to form a cohesive unit (Figures. 3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4). Most often, rocky coasts are in areas of high wave energy and are erosional with only localized areas where sediment might accumulate, such as small beaches between rocky headlands (Figure 3.4). They exist across a wide range of geologic settings including very mountainous regions, areas that have been or are covered with glacial ice, or along volcanoes that are located in the open oceans. Although rocky coastlines may be present on passive, trailing tectonic margins, they are most frequently located along collisional tectonic margins.
Figure 3.1: Rocky shoreline at Bheemunipatnam, India.Credit: Wikimedia Commons: "Rocks at bhimili by NAM" by Adityamadhav83 CC0 1.0
Figure 3.2: Rocky shoreline along the coast of Oregon, United States.Credit: By Jsayre64 at Wikipedia CC-BY-SA-3.0 or GFDL, via Wikimedia Commons
Figure 3.4: Rocky coast along Sozopol, Bulgaria showing several protruding headlands that are undergoing erosion as indicated by the fragments of the headlands in the water. Notice the deformed folded rock in the foreground indicated by the arrow and how this deformed unit of rocks is more indented and thus eroding more quickly than the surrounding rock. Also, note the isolated pocket beach in the background that is also denoted with an arrow.Credit: By Evgeni Dinev from Burgas, Bulgaria (Flickr) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ [CC-BY-2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
Figure 3.3: Rocky cliff line along the coast of Ireland.




