Summary and Final Tasks

Summary

In this module, you have learned about how policies in the four stages of the emergency management cycle can reduce coastal zone residents' vulnerability to tsunami and hurricane storm surge hazards. Tsunami and hurricanes are short-term coastal hazards: that is, people learn of the occurrence of these two hazards only days, hours, or even minutes before impact, and they exist only for a short period. But coastal residents also face chronic, long-term hazards. Among these, sea level rise is one of the long-term coastal hazards that some governments and people are inadequately prepared to face. In the next module, you will learn about how policies can mitigate vulnerability to sea level rise.

Reminder - Complete all of the Lesson 11 tasks!

You have reached the end of Module 11! Double-check the to-do list in the Lesson 11 Roadmap to make sure you have completed all of the activities listed there before you begin Module 12.

References and Further Reading

American Red Cross. 2013. Disaster Cycle Services Fiscal Year 2013.
Elder, K., Xirasagar, S., Miller, N., Bowen, S. A., Glover, S., & Piper, C. (2007). African Americans' decisions not to evacuate New Orleans before Hurricane Katrina: a qualitative study. American Journal of Public Health, 97, S124–S129.
Haddow, G., J. Bullock, and D. Coppola. 2013. Introduction to Emergency Management. Oxford, UK and Waltham, MA: Butterworth Heinemann.
Miththapala, S. 2008. Integrating environmental safeguards into  Disaster Management: a field manual. Volume 2: The Disaster Management Cycle. Colombo: Ecosystems and Livelihoods Group, Asia, IUCN. (Acrobat (PDF) 1.5MB Sep7 16)