Molecular Parasitology
Paul Ulrich, Georgia State University
Of the approximately 1000 different proteins that populate eukaryotic mitochondria, ~50% have no known function. Molecular Parasitology is a course-based intensively engages undergraduates by investigating roles of uncharacterized, mitochondrial proteins in trypanosomatid parasites. Students utilize basic bioinformatics (subcellular localization, conserved domain prediction, BLAST, secondary structure) to predict protein function followed by construction and transfection of GFP-fusion constructs into cell lines to validate their predictions. The CURE is designed to encourage independent problem-solving, science identity, and support career success.

Neurobiology of Alcohol CURE
Elizabeth Crofton, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Excessive alcohol use is highly prevalent in college students. Alcohol causes a multitude of alterations in the brain that can eventually lead to alcohol use disorder, but this shift is not fully understood. Evidence suggests that adolescents are particularly vulnerable to developing substance use disorders. Therefore, research into the neurobiology of alcohol has broad interest inside and outside the college classroom. The goal of this research project is to investigate the effects of chronic alcohol on gene and protein expression in specific regions of the rat brain. Students will critically evaluate existing alcohol research and design a well-controlled study to investigate a feasible and testable question. Students will use rodent brain histology, quantitative PCR analysis, or western blotting to investigate their hypothesis. This work will provide a better understanding of the effects of alcohol and provide students laboratory and research skills.

Microbial Community Diversity and Interactions
Rachel Bleich, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Inhibitors for Malate Dehydrogenase
Dawn Marin, Gaston College
The goal of this CURE is to design, synthesize and test inhibitors of Malate Dehydrogenase. Students will study the structure of the enzyme and propose possible inhibitors that could form intermolecular bonds with the enzyme. Students will choose potential inhibitor molecules that can be purchased or easily synthesized and purified. The binding of inhibitors will be screened using computational docking calculations. Successful Inhibitors will be tested using enzymatic assays.

Generic Arthropod Behavioral Syndromes CURE
Donna McDermott, Emory University
Behavioral syndromes research can be done with many students and few expensive materials. This field is fairly recent, so much of this research begins with descriptive observational studies where researchers identify behavioral types in a study system of interest. An animal exhibits a behavioral type if their behavior is consistent through time and ecological context, but differs from other individuals of their species. For example, a spider might consistently behave aggressively while hunting, finding mates, and avoiding predators as opposed to another conspecific spider which behaves with relative docility in all of those contexts. In this example, the behavioral types present in the population are aggressive and docile. In this CURE, students perform an observational study followed by an experiment. In the observational study, students will devise an assay used to investigate whether or not their study species displays multiple "types" of one behavior (e.g. boldness, aggression, exploration, sociability, activity level.) In the experiment, students investigate the role of developmental factors on those behavioral types OR the fitness outcomes of those behavioral types in different ecological contexts.

A Microbial-Traits CURE for terrestrial ecosystems (mT-CURE)
Hinsby Cadillo-Quiroz, Arizona State University at the Tempe Campus
Microbial traits are defined as phenotypic properties whose expression determines the tempo and mode of microbial activity. Growth rate, pH range, Q10, substrate affinity and nutrient-use efficiency, are traits whose variation across microbes can lead to differential contribution to ecosystem processes. The combination and distribution of traits among organisms can generate functional guilds in soils; hence a quantitative understanding of trait presence, trait magnitude and trait spectrum of variation can be a powerful component for function-based modeling of the contribution of different microbes to ecosystem level processes like carbon degradation or generation of methane gas in soils. In this "Microbial-Traits CURE for terrestrial ecosystems (mT-CURE)" students will participate for two semesters, develop hypothesis on the variability of traits and its organismal and/or environmental sources. During first semester evaluations of traits will be completed and hypothesis addressed using previous ecosystem-specific microbial culture collections derived from previous CUREs. In second semester, an effort to predict traits from microbes directly from genomic information will be evaluated against trait values collected on the first semester. The goal is to use available and accessible bioinformatic approaches to test their predictive capacity for validation and possible future expansion into metagenomic-assembled genomes.

Invertebrate Biology
Michael Sitvarin, Georgia State University
In this course, students will collaborate with Dr. Michael Sitvarin to understand the behavioral decisions made by various arthropods, with an emphasis on spiders. Questions that could be explored include, "How do individuals choose their mates?", "How do predators find prey to consume?", and "How do prey avoid being eaten by their predators?". Students will gain experience working with arthropods as well as practice with experimental design, data collection and analysis, and scientific communication. This CURE will allow students to carry out the entire scientific process and will prepare them for future careers in STEM fields.

Analyzing datasets in crime and policing teach the nature and process of science
Michael Watson, Fisk University

Stress and Social Behavior in Cichlid Fish
Edmund Rodgers, Georgia State University
Social bonds are critical to the success of all social animals. However, these relationships are not static: they change over the course of an animal's life experience due to a variety of factors. This CURE is primarily interested in the interconnection between stressful experiences and social bonds. To explore this relationship the lab uses the highly social convict cichlid fish, which exhibit a variety of different types of social bonds: they are monogamous, bi-parental, as well as forming social shoals when not breeding. Students will perform animal husbandry, design experiments, and perform those experimental protocols in small groups. They will then present their findings at a University Research Conference. Over the duration of the course, students receive training in animal care, behavioral quantification, hormone sampling and EIA assay performance, data analysis, literature critique, scientific writing, and oral presentation.

Environmental Justice for North Troy and Beyond
Emilly Obuya, The Sage Colleges
Water quality in American cities is a major issue. Studies show that the increased level of water pollution is mostly due to aging supply infrastructure, which is notorious in post-industrial cities like Troy, and not necessarily from poor water treatment. Therefore, water quality can vary from city to city and across neighborhoods. We are especially interested in research studies and in educational projects that promote continuing discovery and learning. We work with youth, who learn that they, as individuals, can have a tangible impact on the health and wellbeing of our greater community. This summer, we will be working on a "Water Warriors: Youth Empowerment Through Science," which is a year-long research scientific project enabling local youth and neighbors to investigate the quality of water–especially levels of lead, cadmium, parabens and organic material–in homes and neighborhoods in Troy, NY. This project will empower the community with the scientific and educational tools necessary to understand, protect, and advocate for clean water, thereby using science to promote environmental justice and the health and welfare of their families and neighbors.