Sea Level Rise in the San Francisco Bay – Considering Morphology in Adapting Management
Adam Parris
The San Francisco Bay – A Community Investment The San Francisco Bay (Bay) is part of the largest estuary on the west coast of North America. It supports a densely populated and prosperous surrounding cultural ...

Landscape inversion on Earth and Mars
Devon Burr, Northern Arizona University
PROCESS: Landscape inversion is the process whereby relative topographic elevations become inverted such that previously low-standing features become high-standing. This relief inversion occurs through induration ...

A general bedload transport equation for homogeneous grains
Peng Gao, Syracuse University
Bed load is one of two types of sediment load (the other one suspended load) transported in natural rivers (Fig. 1) and is originated from channel bed or banks. Although it only takes about 5% to 20% of the total ...

Digital Topography: Should you choose a TIN or raster interpolation of the landscape?
Lisa Walsh, University of Maryland-College Park
The recent explosion of Geographic Information System (GIS) tools enable geoscientists to visualize the Earth's surface in three dimensions using digital topography. Digital topography can be represented in ...

Geomorphic Evolution of the Upper Basin of the Tigris River, Turkey
Kathleen Nicoll, University of Utah
Introduction The Tigris is one of Antiquity's famous rivers, as it flanks the fertile strip of land known as the Mesopotamian Plain, the heartland of the mighty biblical empires of Sumeria and Assyria (Figure ...

Use of Large Woody Materials and Large Wood in Streambank Erosion Control
Frank Reckendorf
In recent years, woody material has been used to add a habitat component to the use of woody materials for bank protection. However, the use of large woody materials for bank protection has a long history. Use of ...

Causes of Streambank Erosion
Frank Reckendorf
Streambank erosion is a natural phenomenon but can become accelerated because of changes at the watershed and/or reach level. Background conditions are established using old photographs and maps and compare rates ...

Sediment Entrainment and Channel Lifetimes in Braided Streams
allen hunt, Wright State University-Main Campus
Braided streams are typically found on steep slopes (high energy environments) with an abundance of sediment. Their channels are constantly choking up with sediments and shifting. This gives rise to the concept of ...

When a tree falls in the forest, does it make a soil?
Emmanuel Gabet, San Jose State University
When a Tree Falls Over A tree, like most plants, sends roots down into soil and bedrock to absorb water and nutrients. The roots also anchor the tree to the ground and prevents it from tipping over. Strong wind ...

Marine terraces in mid-latitude settings: the case of the Oregon USA coast
Harvey Kelsey, Humboldt State University
Marine terraces are terraced landforms that occur as elevated flats inboard of, and parallel to, coastlines. Outstanding examples of a stair-step landscape of marine terraces can be found in many places in the ...