Unit 5.4 Heavy rainfall and landslides
Summary
Students assume various roles (e.g., school superintendent) and use online maps to explore landslide hazards in Southern California. They examine the landslide problems from different perspectives, and they apply what they have learned to their areas of interest. This is an updated version of a widely-used USGS landslide outreach activity.
Learning Objectives
At the end of Unit 5.4, students will be able to:
- Analyze landslide hazards at three school sites.
- Describe the role of rainfall and earthquakes in landslide hazard.
- Evaluate the safety of children at the schools.
- Recommend relocation of a school and provide supporting information.
Context for Use
This activity is intended for use in the middle of an introductory Earth Science course for college-level students. The activity could be used with any class size, and can be completed in approximately 3 hours outside the classroom, plus additional time for in-class and homework activities.
Description and Teaching Materials
Teaching Materials:
- Pre-class Homework: Introduction to flood and landslide hazard in southern California
- Prompts: Unit 5.4 Pre-Class Homework (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 67kB Aug23 24)
- Slides required for Pre-Class Homework: Unit 5.4 Pre-Class Homework slides (PowerPoint 2007 (.pptx) 10.7MB Aug23 24)
- Optional supplemental information: Unit 5.4 Pre-Class Homework supplement (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 66kB Aug23 24)
- In-class Assignment: Landslide and flood hazard at southern California schools
- Student handout: Unit 5.4 In-Class Activity (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 4.6MB Aug23 24)
- Homework: Reflection on landslide hazard in southern California and in your place of interest
- Prompts: Unit 5.4 In-Class Homework (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 65kB Aug23 24)
Pre-class homework (45 min):
The pre-class homework introduces students to flood and landslide hazards in southern California
Students learn background information about flooding and landslides in Southern California. Students are placed in groups. Each student takes on one role (e.g., school superintendent). The instructor may coordinate the choice of roles to assure that one or two students in each group take on each role. Each student considers the background information in light of their role.
- Prompts: Unit 5.4 Pre-Class Homework (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 67kB Aug23 24)
- Slides (required for assignment): Unit 5.4 Pre-Class Homework slides (PowerPoint 2007 (.pptx) 10.7MB Aug23 24)
- Optional supplemental info: Unit 5.4 Pre-Class Homework supplement (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 66kB Aug23 24)
- Answer key:
In class (60 min: Part A - 15 min; Part B - 45 min):
In Part A, each student shares a perspective on a landslide hazard and learns about how others see this hazard. In Part B, students use online information and maps to learn about landslide hazards in the vicinity of three Southern California schools.
Part B requires a computer. This could be completed (a) by students in a computer lab, (b) by projecting online maps and information on a screen, or (c) as homework. Many students would likely find this to be a challenging homework assignment.
- Student handout: Unit 5.4 In-Class Activity (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 4.6MB Aug23 24)
- Answers:
Homework Assignment (30 min):
Each student uses what was learned from the pre-class and in-class work to write a summary about all the views expressed in the group. Each student also uses what they learned in this assignment to examine landslide hazards in the student's area of interest.
- Assignment: Unit 5.4 In-Class Homework (Microsoft Word 2007 (.docx) 65kB Aug23 24)
- Answers: (Answers will vary. However, they should incorporate both factual information and multiple perspectives on landslide hazards.)
Teaching Notes and Tips
In advance of assigning this work to students, the instructor should become familiar with the assignment websites. If Part B of the in-class assignment is assigned as homework, many students would likely benefit from an in-class demonstration of how to use the websites.
Instructors wishing to use physical models might consider this in-class activity or similar: TeachEngineering Mini-Landslide. This activity could be the first in-class activity, positioned immediately after the Pre-class Homework.
Assessment
The in-class assignment can be used for formative assessment.
The homework assignment is the summative assessment for Unit 5.4.
References and Resources
AP (2018) "Calif. Mudslides Create Catastrophic Debris Flow." YouTube, Associated Press, 9 Jan. 2018, https://youtu.be/nWhjWNhTHk0
Caltech (2022) "Earthquake Information." Southern California Earthquake Data Center at Caltech, Caltech, https://scedc.caltech.edu/earthquake/losangeles.html
CNRA (2020) Geologic Map of California, 2010 (1:750k), California Department of Conservation, https://www.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=2a718c86c96e41e298410c8b58515812
CU (2011) "Debris Flow California." YouTube, University of Colorado, Boulder, 13 July 2011, https://youtu.be/p8dOGK4tjfw
Earthquake Hazards (2022) Earthquake Hazards, USGS, https://www.usgs.gov/programs/earthquake-hazards/hazards
LA (2022) "Weathering La Rain." Ready LA County, Los Angeles County, CA, 10 Mar. 2022, https://ready.lacounty.gov/rain/
Nyman, M., & St. Clair, T. (2016). A Geometric model to teach nature of science, science practices, and metacognition. Journal of College Science Teaching, 45(5).
SWED (2022) Swed: Mudflow Forecast Page, Los Angeles County, CA, https://dpw.lacounty.gov/wrd/forecast/index.cfm
USGS (2022) Earthquake-Triggered Ground-Failure Inventories, USGS, https://usgs.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=2b6f1e57135f41028ea42ebc6813d967
UW (2022) Rockd, UW Macrostrat Lab, https://rockd.org/explore