The Microbial Life project website has not been significantly updated since 2009. We are preserving the content here because it still contains useful content. But be aware that it may have out of date information.
Initial Publication Date: December 21, 2006

A good description of the Socratic method is given by Wilhgelm Winelband in A History of Philosophy, pp. 96ff.

Bertrand Russel appraised the value and limitations of Socratic questioning in A History of Western Philosophy, pp. 92ff.

Hake, R.R. 1992. "Socratic pedagogy in the introductory physics lab." Phys. Teach. 30: 546-552. (Link to updated pdf version [4/27/98] - 88kB)

Other good resources include:


Elder, Linda, and Richard Paul (2004). The Miniature Guide on the Art of Asking Essential Questions for Students and Teachers. Dillon Beach, CA. Foundation for Critical Thinking. www.criticalthinking.org

Faust, J. & Paulson, D. (1998) Active Learning in the College Classroom, Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 9(2), 3-24.

Wilen, William W., Questioning Skills for Teachers. 3rd Ed. Washington, D.C.: National Education Association, 1991.

More Research

« Previous Page