Part 3—Download and Import DEM Data

Step 1 – Access GeoBrain Website and Practice Navigating around the Map

  1. Click on the link GeoBrain DEM Explorer. An interactive map will open in a new window.

    2. The GeoBrain DEM Explorer interactive map tool allows you to choose any location in the world using a manual selection tool or by specifying a pre-defined area from a list of options. You can pan and zoom using the navigation tools, and add or remove U.S. State and World Country boundaries using the overlay tools.

    Begin by reading the guidelines provided in the "Welcome!" box. There are three basic steps to working with this interactive map interface. First, select your area of interest; second, select your data by name, format and output setting; third, perform analysis on the data and download the data to use in a GIS project. When you are done reading, close the "Welcome!" box.

    DEM welcome window

  2. Practice moving around the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Explorer Interface with the Zoom and Pan tools located on the left side of the toolbar (shown below). The tools are grouped by function: zoom tools are on the left, query tools in the middle, and selection tools are on the right side. The numbers on the right are latitude and longitude.
    3. DEM explorer tool barThe DEM Explorer toolbar.

    • Click once on the Zoom In button. The view zooms at the center of the map and displays Africa, with the countries labeled. While zooming, give the map several seconds to refresh/redraw.
    • Click once on the Zoom Out button. The view returns to the previous zoom level.
      Click once on the Zoom In button to zoom in.
      1 click Zoom
      Click once with the Zoom Out button to zoom back out.
      map at full extent
    • Click the Zoom In button once or twice. Use the Pan pan button button to pan up, down, right, or left across the map.
    • You can also use the Dragbox Zoom In ragbox zoom in tool to click and drag a defined location within the map that you want zoom in to.
    • When you are done exploring click the Zoom to Full Map zoom to full map button button.

Step 2 — Locate Oregon and Select an Area of Interest

  1. In the Map Layers sidebar, located on the right-hand side of the map, turn on the World Boundaries > Country and the USA Boundaries > State, by clicking in the appropriate check boxes.
  2. Click and drag around the Western United States with the Dragbox Zoom In ragbox zoom in tool. Continue zooming in until you have Oregon centered in your view. Be sure you can see the coastline.
  3. selection tools 2 Practice making selections with the five types of tools provided in the DEM explorer interface (tools shown to the right). You can clear your selections by clicking the Clear Defined Area button clear defined area button on the toolbar. Active selections are highlighted in blue on the map.
    • Use the Define Polygon Area or Define Rectangle Area selection tools to select an area of interest.
    • Alternately, click the Define Area by State / County button on the toolbar. Use the drop-down menu to select the State of Oregon.
    • When you are done exploring, click the Clear Defined Area button clear defined area button on the toolbar.
  4. Next, select the coastal region of the state of Oregon for use in this activity. Choose the Define Polygon Area tool, then click, drag, and click to draw a selection polygon around the coastal region. Be sure to include the mouth of the Columbia River. Your selection will be highlighted in blue.
    In this image the coast of Oregon has been selected with the Define Polygon Area tool. Note that the selection is highlighted in blue.
    download data for oregon coast

Step 3 — Load DEM for an Area of Interest to the Preview Window; Process, and Download the Data

  1. Once you have selected a region of interest. Click the Download Data for Defined Area download button button (it looks like a folder with a green arrow on it).
  2. In the download dialog box, first click the Data Name: STRM30_PLUS Elevation and
    Bathymetry (Global)     radio button (bottom one on the list), then select the Output: Format GeoTIFF and set the Projection to Lat /Lon. Finally, check the .zip box, and click Submit. You will get a message that your request is being processed.
  3. In the DEM Analysis window that opens you will see two toolbars at the top of the window: the Terrain Analysis and the Hydrologic Analysis. Below the toolbars, in the Data Preview window, you will see an image of the DEM that you have selected.

    4. A digital elevation model (DEM) is a digital representation (raster image) of ground surface cartographic (topography or terrain) information. DEM data is collected in a number of ways. Most commonly, remote sensing satellites collect the data needed to prepare a DEM. In this case, the international Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) collected the data in February 2000. The SRTM was a specially modified radar system that flew onboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour.

    Hillshading is a shading method used to enhance or exaggerate topographic features in a topographic raster image, such as a DEM. By creating a 3-D effect, it gives the viewer an overall visual impression of the terrain. Contour lines are mathematically derived from the digital data recorded in the DEM image and therefore compliment the data in the image. Contour lines connect points of equal elevation and are readily analyzed in a GIS. They are also known as contour intervals.

  4. Using the Terrain Analysis tools, select the Hillshade button. Change the Z-Factor to 10 in order to exaggerate the shading. Click Submit.
  5. In the Hill Shade Preview window, preview the image. When you are done, close the Hill Shade Preview window.
  6. Next, in the Terrain Analysis window, click the Contour button. Set the contour intervals to 5 meters and click Submit. In the Contour Preview window, preview and then download the shapefile. Save the shapefile to a location on your desktop or in your Documents folder, where you can easily locate it again. Close the Contour Preview window.
  7. You should now have a contour shapefile to add to your project.
    1. Click the Contour button.
      click the contour button
    2. Set Interval (Unit: meter) to 5.
      set inteval to 5 m
    3. In the Contour Preview window, click Download to download the files.
      contour preview
    4. You will be asked where you want to save the file; save it to your desktop or in your Documents folder. Note: depending on your browser, your file may be automatically downloaded to your Downloads folder and unzipped (unstuffed), in which case you just simply need to drag it to the desired location—ideally, you can place this unzipped folder in the AEJEE data folder.
      save file to...
    The contour lines were generated from the DEM with 5-meter contour intervals between the lines. The file that you downloaded is a type of file called a shapefile. The contour lines will be drawn in a GIS from four separate files, all of which were downloaded together in a zipped file. This file has a long file name, which starts with "_NASS..." and ends with "contour_5". The other digits in the file name are the date and time that you downloaded the file.
  8. Check that you have all four of these files properly downloaded and unzipped, and then close the DEM Explorer window. Move the entire folder of files into your AEJEE Data folder.
    9. If you were unable to download these files from GeoBrain, use these linked files instead. GeoBrain Shapefile (Zip Archive 3.3MB Nov9 10) in a zipped folder. Right-click (PC) or control-click (Mac) the link above and download it to your desktop or downloads folder. Note: This folder must be unzipped before importing the shapefile into AEJEE. Move the entire folder of files into your AEJEE Data folder.
  9. In order for these files to work with AEJEE you must rename all 4 of the files with a shorter file name, "ORcoast_contour_5m". Leave the extensions as they are (.dbf,.shx,.shp,.prj, etc).

Step 4 – Launch AEJEE, Add Data, and Edit Properties

  1. Launch AEJEE and open the project file that you saved in Part 2. When AEJEE launches, Oregon is centered in the view; only the U.S. States and Oregon Border are showing.
    2. Oregon's proximity to the Cascadia Subduction Zone makes it particularly vulnerable to the hazards of both earthquakes and tsunamis. Many coastal towns in Oregon are only a few meters above sea level. In the deep sea, a tsunami wave is barely noticeable. Tsunami waves are most dangerous as they make their way towards shore. As tsunamis approach coastal areas they slow down, become compressed, and begin to grow in height. Many factors, including the shape of the sea floor and coastline, influence the shape and severity of a tsunami wave. In this next step, you will import coastal topographic data to analyze in AEJEE.
  2. Click the Add Data...add layer button button and locate the .shp file in the unzipped folder that you downloaded from the GeoBrain Web site or else use the one at the end of Step 3 (above). Single click to select the file, ORcoast_contour_5m.shp, and then click OK.
  3. AEJEE imports the shape file, and places it on the map.
  4. The new data layer should now be visible on the map and in the Layers List. Make it the Active layer and click the Zoom to Active Layer Zoom to Full Extent button in the toolbar.
  5. You will see that the layer includes data from the coast of Oregon.
    1. Click the Add Data... add layer button button.
    2. Locate the .shp file in the unzipped folder you that downloaded from the GeoBrain website. In the Content Chooser window, single click to select the file, ORcoast_contour_5m.shp, and then click OK.
      content chooser window

    The map now displays the GeoBrain data as maroon lines. You color may be different, as AEJEE randomly assigns a color when importing the data.

    coast contours on map

    In order to give the data more meaning, it is helpful to change the contour lines to be colored by their respective elevations. To do so you will need to edit the layer.

  6. Make the new layer the active layer in the Layers List, right-click (ctrl-click on a Mac) and choose Properties... from the drop-down menu.
    In the Properties window that opens change the following:
    • Draw features using: Graduated Symbols
    • Field: elevation (Hint: this process works best if you change this setting last.)
    • Classes: 16
    • Style: Solid Line
    • Classified by: Equal Interval
    • Color: Start Blue and End White
    • Size: Start 1 and End 1
    • Click Apply and then OK
    The map will now display the graduated elevation contours for the Oregon coast on top of U.S. States and Oregon Border.
  7. Use the Zoom to Active Layer button to zoom into the extent of this layer and use the Pan pan tool tool to explore the topography of the Oregon coastal region. While exploring, consider the following questions:
    • What do the blue lines off the coast of Oregon indicate?
    • Where are the areas with the greatest elevation?
    • Look for areas that have widely-spaced contour lines on the coast, what type of areas might these be? How might they be impacted by a tsunami wave?
      • The blue lines off the coast are bathymetric contours which are below sea level. The areas with the greatest elevation are away from the coast. The widely-spaced areas near the coast are close to sea level and flat. They include beaches and areas that might be inundated (flooded) by a tsunami wave.
  8. When you are done exploring, zoom the map back to the full extent of the Oregon coast.

Step 5- Save Your Project File and Quit AEJEE

  1. Now that you have added the new data, choose File > Save As... and name your project Tsunami Runup_Part3, or some other unique name. Then click the Save button.
    2. Choose File > Save As... name your project Tsunami Runup_Part3.
    file save as part 3
  2. Quit AEJEE.

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